Nan Goldins Representation Of Gender And Sexuality

Nan Goldins Representation Of Gender And Sexuality In this essay I will be looking at how Nan Goldin photographs people and represents their sexuality and gender through her work as it has always been a heavy factor in her work. What does it say about the subject matter she is trying to represent? I will look at other photographers that represent sexuality and gender a lot in their work and compare how different photographers work in different ways. I will also look at how this work of hers has possibly influenced other photographers and their work. I will look at the background of Nan Goldin and her family upbringing to see if it has influenced the way she works and if her surroundings at the time of making her work gave her a strong need to want to represent this subculture she was emerged in. I would also like to give my opinion on if the representation she has given of these men and women seems accurate and if she has portrayed them in a certain way, what is she trying to say about these people? Other photographers I would like to look at in this essay include Larry Clark whos most common subject was the photography of youth and their engagement of underage sex and violence and were all part of a subculture, somewhat like the photography of Goldins prostitutes and drag queens. I will look at all of Goldins work and see how she has progressed through her work and if anything has changed since she started for example her view on sexuality and how people represent themselves to others. Books I will be looking at will include The Ballad of Sexual Dependency which is a visual diary of her life in New York. Il be you Mirror is another book I will be heavily focusing on during my research as it covered two decades of her life, this is a book in which some of her most influential work is gathered, therefore an obvious choice when looking at her photography. Her work has heavily touched on subjects filled with sexual gender identification such as drag queens and I will look at each project she has encountered and how she has chosen to deal with the transformation of the self and courage. Goldin looks heavily in her work at the external behaviour of people and their relationships and I would like to analyse this as it may be related to how she would like to deal with her own issues and if this representation is a reflection about how she feels about the same issues. Goldin photographs real life and records what she sees, she gives a straight forward document of sexuality- but can it sometimes be too much? She documents their personal space and joys and sorrows of contemporary life and looks at sexuality as an addiction. I will research how she has photographed the significance of the female figure and why she does so. Does Goldin pave a new way for photographers in how they represent sub cultures and women? Biography of Nan Goldin Nan Goldin was born in Washington DC in 1953 in an upper middle class Jewish family. Shortly after, she and her family moved to Boston, where Goldin spent a few unhappy years before moving away from her family. In 1965, when Goldin was 14 years old, her older sister, Barbara Goldin, committed suicide. extremely troubled by this event, Goldin sought after relievement in her friends and in a way created an alternate family. She soon decided that tradition family values and life were not for her, then Goldin moved in with a series of foster families, and soon enrolled in a school called Satya Community School. Here she met two friends- David Armstrong and Suzanne Fletcher. As the memory of her sister started to become disappear, Goldin started photograph to preserve the her memory. She photographed her associates so she would never misplace the memory of them, as had happened with her sister. Her photographs were her way of documenting their lives, and, in turn, her own. When she began photographing, Goldin started to experiment cross-dressing and drag; this early experimentation would shape Goldins lifelong fascination with the blurry line separating the gender and sexuality. Through Armstrong, Goldin was introduced to the drag subculture in Boston. There, she photographed drag queen beauty contests during the early 1970s and became friends with many transvestites. Her documentation of these people was reality as she seen it, showing them in a straightforward way, being part of their everyday lives. Goldin then moved to the Boston School of Fine Arts, and therefore changed her photographic style slightly. Before she began at the college she would mainly use black and white film, however within college started to experiment with colour and started to introduce flash. She gradually developed her own style of photography, with subtle flash and bright vibrant colours. When she graduated from college in 1978 she moved to New York City and began photographing American subcultures such as the gay scene in the late 70s and early 80s. This was a major life change for Goldin with a heavy exposure to drugs and abusive relationships. The Ballad of sexual dependency was created between 1979 and 1986 which documents a drug culture and relationships of which by this time were commonplace in Goldins circle of friends. Goldin wrote, I believe one should create from what one knows and speak about ones tribe . . .You can only speak with true understanding and empathy about what youve experienced. Most of the people she documented during this time were dead by the 1990s. In addition to this book she created two other books including Ill be your Mirror and All by Myself.   The main themes of her early work include gender and sexuality.   She documented everything from parties to her relationships like a personal diary for all to see. By 1988 Goldins lifestyle of drugs and alcohol started to take a toll on her life, and entered a clinic to deal with her problems. Throughout this time she experimented a lot with self portraiture and documented her progress in the clinic. Throughout this time in the clinic she was also struggling with some outside issues including having to deal with the death   of many of her close friends that she has photographed over the years. Most of them were dying of aids, one of the most important being Cookie Mueller, a friend since 1976. The Cookie Portfolio was a small document of her life over 15 portraits that Goldin created perhaps as a tribute to her friend. Goldin then decided to document many of her friends with AIDs that seem to be dramatically disappearing. Somewhat he same as what she had done when her memory of her sister started to disappear. In 1994, she and her friend David Armstrong created a book called  A Double Life. Composed of photographs taken by both Goldin and A rmstrong, the book displays their differing styles of photographing the same person.

Premier Furniture

Premier Furniture Company It was mid-Aprll. and Richard Zimmerman, credit analyst for the Premier Furniture Company, was completing his first round of credit reviews for 1984. Two of his accounts†Deslgners, Inc. of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Walcott Department Stores of Hartford, Connecticut†had moved well beyond the credit limits set by Premier. It was Zimmerman's Job to determine the appropriate corrective steps. After his third look at the customer file for Designers, Inc. Zimmerman was still undecided. He had evaluated the account as â€Å"satisfactory† In his annual review in early 1983, but his reservations at that time were not lessened by the performance in fiscal 1984. It was evident that the substantial sales to Designers in the last three months did not necessarily signal an Improved relationship. Zimmerman was also troubled by the most recent numbers of Walcott Department Stores. Walcott had been a reliable account since 1951 but had posted a large o perating loss in fiscal 1984.His review was further complicated by the tact that the owners had recently opened stores in Worcester and Springfield, Massachusetts. Although Walcott's future obviously depended on how the branch stores fared, Zimmerman had no reason to assume their success or failure. 4h*fi, Designers (ffL+Uee, , FM-x-r eve, It was obvious to Zimmerman that the Designers and Walcott accounts invited a raised eyebrow, but given Premier's credit policy the numbers came as no surprise. quality home furniture for distribution to dealer cooperatives, independent home furnishing retailers, and regional furniture chains.The company advertised its lines nationally and attempted to maintain intensive coverage of trading areas by istributing through stores strategically located with a particular marketing area. Beginning in 1975, however, Premier found that product quality and service no longer assured success in the broad range of outlets the company had cultivated. Credit ter ms and financing of dealers became a critical marketing tool, and in the words of credit manager Karl Freund, â€Å"Premier soon found itself backed into the position of supporting numerous customers in order to maintain adequate distribution for its products. Unfortunately, Premier's heavy financing of dealers coincided with a national credit squeeze and higher interest rates on borrowed money. tg ¦, Zimmerman was also aware that many of Premier's customers had waited out more than seven years of a relatively soft market only to suffer a noticeable decline in sales in the late summerand early fall of 1983. As in previous downturns, stores featuring lower-priced lines were hit first, followed by quality retailers at the end of the year.Although the decline in sales was not severe, the drop in volume and subsequent price cutting reduced the profit margins of some retailers enough to offset profits earned in the first half of 1983. As might be expected, the downturn in the market w as quickly passed on to manufacturers. Many of Premier's customers tightened their belts by reducing orders for new lines and reorders for established lines. They believed that the price cutting in the second half of 1983 had resulted in considerable overbuying by consumers, and they were therefore anticipating a downturn in sales.The dramatic drop in orders affected manufacturers across the country. Orders for shipment fell 10% from February to March, and then an additional 20% from March to April. E-fifi f&fllikh, lit, Alpha The Designers and Walcott files sat on his desk awaiting his decision, but Zimmerman was still mulling over the contradictions posed by the files. He knew, for instance, that Walcott enjoyed fairly steady sales throughout the year and that 50% were cash or charge sales. The remaining sales were installment purchases which called for 25% down and the balance in 6 monthly payments.Premier, on the other hand, supposedly sold on terms of 3% in 10 days, net in 60 d ays†and had established a $50,000 limit on Designers and a $75,000 limit on Walcott. In truth, Premier's terms had become negotiable. Zimmerman was also frustrated by the fact that Karl Freund expected to see a foot on the brake while the sales manager was pressuring him to ut both feet on the gas. Given his Job, Zimmerman believed that it was in the company's interest to know the difference between a good customer and a bad risk.But with the sales manager insisting that liberal financing was the only way to spark an upturn in orders, Zimmerman felt caught in an impossible position. The time had come to seek the advice of the company's credit manager. Five minutes after collecting the essential information from each file (see Exhibits 1 through 5), Zimmerman placed the folder in the hands of Karl Freund. f&RhF, 1511? ±0, , premier, â€Å"†fifi, Q, fi-nmew,?- ¦, fi-nmeilfr, A credit analyst for a furniture manufacturer is confronted with two customers who have exceed ed their credit limits.The financial performance of each has been weak, and one of the customers has a highly leveraged balance sheet. Industry conditions are weak; the manufacturer apparently has excess capacity; and the credit analyst is caught between the conflicting demands of the sales managers and the credit manager. The case provides an opportunity for ratio analysis. The Premier Furniture Company of Newfield, North Carolina, centers on manufacturing high-quality home furniture for distribution.By 1975, Premier found that product quality and service no longer assured success in the markets they were in; therefore, credit terms and financing of dealers became a critical marketing tool. Regrettably, Premier's weighty financing of dealers corresponded with a national credit squeeze and higher interest rates on borrowed money. In 1984, Richard Zimmerman, the credit analyst for the Premier Furniture Company, took over the task of assessing the financial health of Premier's custome rs. Two of their accounts, exceeded the credit limits previously set by Premier. Premier had to make a decision on Designers Inc. d Walcott†they needed to fgure out the difference between good customers and bad credit risk. premiefiwzb,

Anthem for Doomed Youth - Analysis - 1143 Words

Anthem for Doomed Youth - Analysis The very title that Wilfred Owen chose for his war poem, Anthem for Doomed Youth is an apt representation of what he wanted the poem to encapsulate and the emotions he wanted to evoke in the readers. The word anthem and doomed youth is a stark juxtaposition when placed in the same sentence. An anthem is supposed to be something revered, something that represents the glory of a country and is bursting with national pride. However, when placed right before the words doomed youth we get the impression that Owen is indirectly trying to question the glory and honour that most associate with war. Is it really right that we would strip youth of their lives, their dignity and their future on the†¦show more content†¦The second stanza speaks of how it so often slips our mind that war does not only affect the men who are in direct combat. The young women too, suffer greatly in silence. Though so removed from the grime and blood of the battlefield, one cannot imagine the excru ciating pain of having to part with their loved ones, with the knowledge that the holy glimmers of goodbyes might as well be goodbye forever. Every moment of the day, they agonize over the terrifying thought that their loved one has been shot or injured. There is no way of telling - and the guessing game is exhausting. There is no more joy or excitement in life as each slow dusk drags by, their only reason for existence condensed into a single purpose - receiving news from the battlefield. Often time, their agonizing wait ends in a heartbreaking death. This is signified from the line the drawing down of blinds . Owen s usage of a metaphor, where he likens the girls flowers to the tenderness of patient minds is to me a representation of how like flowers, the inner strength that these young women have while waiting for the men to return is so beautiful and inspiring. However, flowers are also delicate and vulnerable. It is terribly hard to be strong all the time, and these young girls struggle constantly with their fears and their nightmarish thoughts. TheShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Anthem for Doomed Youth1382 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† Originally published in 1920, shortly after World War I, â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† demonstrates the horror of the unjust deaths of young soldiers. â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† is a poem about Owen’s distain towards the honourless way in which young soldiers pass on, and the impact their deaths have on the loved ones they leave behind. The following essay will show that in the anti-war poem, â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth†, Owen uses sensational descriptionRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Anthem For Doomed Youth Essay2140 Words   |  9 Pagesmost successful text is one which challenges us to re-asses out thinking. â€Å"Anthem for doomed youth† According to Google dictionary, an anthem is, â€Å"a rousing or uplifting song,† whereas this poem is more like a dismal song about mourning the deaths of those lost at war. Owen’s description of adolescent male soldiers being doomed augments his interpretation of young soldiers being extremely at risk within combat. ‘Doomed’ is a word that carries the effect and imagery of these young men being sentRead MoreEssay Analysis of Anthem for Doomed Youth1506 Words   |  7 Pageswhich men died in war. The title ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ , with anthems I see that they are mostly are more associated with love and passion , like with an anthem of a country which talks about how much they love their country. And for this poem title I find it very ironic. I think it is a way which Owen shows how he thought the war was very ridiculous. ‘Anthem’ is a song that is sung in churches by choirs or could mean a celebration. The word ‘Doomed’ it symbolises death and brings to mindRead MoreWilfred Owen Anthem for Doomed Youth Analysis1000 Words   |  4 PagesAnthem of the Doomed Youth by Wilfred Owen The poem I chose to study is Anthem of the doomed youth by Wilfred Owen. Wilfred Owen, the son of a railway worker, was born in Plas Wilmot, near Oswestry, on 18th March, 1893. Owens youthful illusion of the glory of fighting as a soldier was reflected in his words to his mother on his return to England shortly before volunteering for the army...I now do most intensely want to fight. In the summer of 1917 Owen was badly concussed atRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owens Anthem For Doomed Youth911 Words   |  4 Pageshumanity sealed in its first global conflict, Wilfred Owen reveals the plight of soldiers to ‘warn’ those who remain oblivious of the ‘pity of war’. The poet delivers critique on the lack of empathy from authoritative institutions in his 1917 ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’, educating the audience on information which had previously been withheld in its time. ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ enlightens further by expounding on the physical and mental trauma of his ‘generation’, questioning age old paradigms on warfareRead MoreEssay about Analysis of Anthem For Doomed Youth by Wilfred Owen937 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Anthem For Doomed Youth by Wilfred Owen The first poem that I am to analyse is Anthem for Doomed Youth, written by Wilfred Owen. This poem is a sonnet. It has fourteen lines. In this poem, the first and fourth lines rhyme, as do the second and third. The first stanza is mainly about the battlefield, whereas the second stanza is more about the feelings of friends and family back at home. This poem starts off at a quick pace, and then slows down throughout Read MoreWilfred Owens Anthem for Doomed Youth Analysis Essay777 Words   |  4 PagesWilfred Owens Anthem for a Doomed Youth is exactly that, an anthem ( a solemn song) to commemorate the innocent youth, whose lives were taken to soon by war. By using the word anthem, he calls to mind the glory and honor of a national anthem, however; he goes on to explain that there is no honor or glory in death, pairing the words doomed and youth together creates so much sorrow as well, it provides a woeful impression as it foretells of young people having no hope. Written in sonnet form, it isRead MoreAnalysis Of Owen s Poem Anthem For Doomed Youth 831 Words   |  4 PagesIn Owen’s poem, â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth†, the speaker meditates on both the brevity and value of life. From the very beginning of the poem, it is evident that Owen (the author and speaker) has a negative view of the war, believing tha t the political powers that are using the soldiers do not value them either as people or as soldiers, either when they are living or as they die. As he reflects on how little effort is put forth to honor the death of the soldiers with funeral rites, he also pondersRead MoreAnalysis Of Poem Anthem For Doomed Youth By Wilfred Owen And Trench Duty927 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history, wars have been an important factor affecting many people’s lives. The two sonnets â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† by Wilfred Owen and â€Å"Trench Duty† by Siegfried Sassoon are two tales inspired by their experiences fighting in WW1 and all the horrors that war made them experience. Both poets use different sonnet structures, yet convey quite similar messages. In addition, these poets develop powerful images and metaphors, but in subtly different ways. Sassoon and Owen use structure, imageryRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s Anthem For Doomed Youth And Dulce Et Decorum Est 1224 Words   |  5 Pagesor wonderfully exciting and the most eloquent poems can leave anybody rewinding over the story of the poem for a time afterwards. Wilfred Owen was a poet who became well renowned after World War I where he unfortunately died in battle. Anthem for Doomed Youth (Anthem) and Dulce Et Decorum Est (Dulce) by Wilfred Owen both portray various themes including horrors of war, the futility of war and the pity and sadness of war. War is full of horrendous acts that every side of war commits, even if it is for

Essay about Literary Comparison Flowers for Algernon vs...

Literary Comparison Essay Flowers for Algernon VS Awakenings Most of us feel that were â€Å"different† in one way or another at some point in our lives. Being different, however, is not always the â€Å"bad† thing that we sometimes imagine it to be. In fact, Charles Evans Hughes once said, â€Å"When we lose the right to be different, we lose the privilege to be free.† Literature often portrays differences as a good thing, too. In Flowers for Algernon, for example, vary from others, that person still has value and worth. Likewise, the movie Awakenings sends a similar message in the character of Leonard. Interestingly enough, even though the first story is science fiction and the second is based on real life events, Flowers for†¦show more content†¦In my mind I believe that Charlie and Leonard alike were both used in someway or another. Charlie who was used to make the Doctors become rich was misled into thinking that his friends actually cared about him. Leonards Doctor, Dr. Sayer, was thoughtful and wanted to help. Leonard believed that the doctors used him to also become rich. Dr. Sayer was not interested in the money, but he was interested in finding a cure for Encephalitis not fame and fortune. Even though they both thought that the Doctors were in to get them, they both agreed that they wanted the Doctors to learn from them. The theme of these stories in general is, in large, arrogance. This point being that we think we are above everyone else and we can make the same mistakes or we dont even make mistakes at all. Finishing, the messages of the stories, Charlie and Leonard, alike, both faced extreme difficulties in everyday tasks, but that doesnt mean that their lives didnt have meaning. They both had a short time without their diseases. The theme they and all of us learned that good things never last forever. Until we accept those things we cannot live our lives, even if that means living life where we cant walk or reading a book without remembering the last page you read. Charlie and Leonard, alike, both wanted to be, in some sense, normal. Another theme we can take from the overall theme of the book being learning and accepting

Analysis Of Freakonomics - 958 Words

The movie â€Å"Freakonomics† by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner was a great way to bring light into the science of economics. The authors Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner would give two subjects that are unrelated to each other to give viewers an understanding of Freakonomics. This was a great idea because I would have never thought that a teacher and a sumo wrestler would have anything in common. Additionally, in the beginning of the movie the authors mention three types of incentives, which are moral, social, and economics and how individuals learn to acknowledge them (Freakonomics, N/A). In this case, Levitt’s knowledge allows him to find cause and effect in data, â€Å"I like to explain how people get what they want,† he says. This†¦show more content†¦In this instance, I was unsure of how the authors would compare sumo wrestlers and teachers, but if the thought of teachers cheating is disrespectful then the thought of sumo wrestlers cheating may also be disquieting because it is a sport shrouded in spirituality. However, sumo wrestlers purposely lose their matches due to blackmail and bribery. Additionally, some elite wrestlers earn high wages for their wrestling matches, but most wrestlers earn low wages. As a result, they are much more susceptible to offers of violent threats or money than the elite because they have much more to lose (Freakonomics, N/A). For example, the comparison between actual fights and predicted fight results displayed a strong favoring towards wrestlers that were not anticipated to win. Furthermore, in a fighting tournament between two wrestlers who had both won seven matches each, the anticipated outcomes were much closer to the actual outcomes as both wrestlers had less incentive to cheat. Both fighters were in the same position, they needed the last match to advance in the tournament. There was no incentive for losing (Freakonomics, N/A). Nonetheless, if a wrestler who had won seven wrestli ng matches and needed one more to move forward, fought a wrestler already assured a spot in the next round regardless of the result of the current fight, the wrestler with the assured spot has the incentive to throwShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book Freakonomics 1027 Words   |  5 PagesHailey Carrillo Mrs. Reinhart AP English Language and Composition 3 August 2016 Freakonomics 1. Give the title, author, genre, and date of original publication. Freakonomics is the title of this nonfiction book; it was written by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner. On April 12, 2005, by HarperCollins. 2. What is author’s purpose for writing the book? Write a paragraph summarizing the main argument or purpose. In this unique book, economist Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. DubnerRead MoreArgument Analysis : Freakonomics 1467 Words   |  6 PagesFreakonomics Argument Analysis: Chapter Three 1. Chapter three, Why Do Drug Dealers Still Live With Their Moms?, expresses an intriguing thought by authors, Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner. The Freakonomics authors follow a courageous man, Sudhir Venkatesh, a student at the University of Chicago, in his effort to understand and research the mysterious drug dealing business. Venkatesh first approached dangerous gangs and dealers in Chicago with a simple survey to learn more aboutRead MoreAn Analysis of Freakonomics, by Steven D. Levitt1585 Words   |  7 Pagesnumbers and graphs Levitt takes anomalies within the data to reveal truths obscured. It’s Levitt’s sociological take on economics that has set him apart from his peers with his heavy focus on incentives, choices, and the consequences they have. Freakonomics mirrors Levitt’s method since it’s a collection of stories he has uncovered or read, and the core economic principles are hidden within each story throughout the book, somet imes even in plain sight like how there are exactly as many chapters asRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Freakonomics By Steven D. Levitt1639 Words   |  7 PagesFreakonomics written by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner. Copyright, 2005 by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner. A non-fiction book about the intertwining discourses of pop culture and economics. Steven David Levitt is an American economist who is well known for his work that specifically focuses on crime, and the connection between legalized abortion and the effect it has on crime rates. Mr. Levitt is currently the â€Å"William B. Ogden Distinguished Service Professor of Economics† at theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Freakonomics By Steven D. Levitt1195 Words   |  5 PagesIn the book Freakonomics, by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner, is made up of a series of scenarios in which an economist and a journalist apply basic principles of economics to demonstrate that information can often expose inte resting truths about how the world operates. It uses the science of economics and specific data to challenge our assumptions about everything. In the book Freakonomics by Levitt Dubner, compares and contrasts two groups of people or things by using their informationalRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Freakonomics By Steven D. Levitt750 Words   |  3 PagesThe last section in chapter two of Freakonomics, written by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner, attempts to answer the following questions; â€Å"How forthright (and honest) are people when it comes to sharing their personal information,† and â€Å"what kind of information in personal ads is considered the most (and least) desirable† (74)? Throughout this section the authors provide statistical data from an online dating site, which encompassed more than 20,000 users. This data showed that not only areRead MoreAnalysis Of Steven Levitt And Stephen Dubner And Freakonomics1436 Words   |  6 PagesIn researching t he important matters in life such as how to best format an online dating profile or finding the reasoning behind why employees in large corporations tend to steal bagels, authors Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner in their book Freakonomics claim to explore â€Å"the hidden side of everything.† The previous examples provided, including the various other topics that Levitt and Dubner touch upon in their book, are likely unimportant to the average reader and as a whole are without any obviousRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Freakonomics By Steven D. Levitt895 Words   |  4 Pages In the book Freakonomics, written by economist Steven D. Levitt and journalist Stephen J. Dubne, the authors go through different parts of modern life to show how economics describes why people act a certain way as well as the way specific outcomes occur. They look into different aspects of society and view them with different perspectives. With the use of specific data and the fundamentals of economic s, the very obscure comparisons and the different chapters in the book show correlation betweenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Freakonomics By Steven D. Levitt Essay1502 Words   |  7 PagesFreakonomics, written by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J, Dubner, is divided into six main sections that all show the similarities between a variety of completely different things. By utilizing statistics and history, the authors are able to create a book that shows that everything is correlated together and that everything is influenced by these statistics. Throughout the book, the authors compare totally different statistics together and show how these totally different statistics, can be linkedRead MoreAbortion Did Not Lower Crime Rate704 Words   |  3 Pages Ever since Freakonomics was published, and sold, which it sold very well to be honest, there has been many debates about one theory that Steven D. Levitt used to explain why the crime rate dropped in the 1990’s. That theory is that the Supreme Court case of Roe V Wade, which legalized abortion in all fifty states. Steven Levitt stated in Freakonomics that the legalization of abortion had the biggest percentage of why the crime rate went down. Yet, I would like to question this theory myself. One

Prominence of Computer Security and Forensics Free Essays

INTRODUCTION Forensics and related courses are fast flattering current career of the students. It has a global reputation for excellent in the development of the techniques of forensics. The forensics is the investigation process which is related to the police services. We will write a custom essay sample on Prominence of Computer Security and Forensics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many students are focused in forensics some of the area are the following Criminology Toxicology Questioned Documents Odontology Pathology / Medical Examiner Physical/ Forensic Anthropology Forensic psychiatry/psychology Many opportunities are waiting for the students who are pursuing forensics science and other related courses. The main criteria in the forensic science are Chemistry -analysis of paint, chemicals counting fire investigation and reconstruction of accidents. Biology – It is associated to crimes in contradiction of people murder, assault and rape cases. Drugs and toxicology. Research Enterprises of Forensics Consulting with people on the front appearances and document their problems. Eavesdrop to law enforcement and relate our own knowledge of computer forensics according to those problems. Learn current investigating techniques and suggest alternatives, measuring the alternatives in real world and reporting the results. Pay attention to the sufferers and give them a good solution to analyse what happened to them and report it appropriately. Job availability segments for forensic students Law enforcement Financial Consulting and Academic. Forensics courses develop the unique skills which means a person cannot handle the networks without any knowledge of it and for example a computer engineer cannot survive in the forensic field just because he can knows only about the system management. So the above are the sectors for the computer forensic students. Importance of security Security is the most important thing in everyone’s day to day life. A mail can be hacked by fetching the original information and it is replaced by a fake data to cheat people with the help of some software’s. A fake websites are there by collecting the personal bank information of an individual person, it happens like a person is asked to buy some stuffs by sending them a portal of the bank information to be filled and after sometime that pages are fetched and hacked by some frauds . These are all the techniques used to hack the personal information and trouble them so computer security is there to give some surety to the companies by protecting the secrets of each and every person’s information. Anonymous tools It could be used to create an unidentified data form the original data. Forensic researchers will be having packet dumps, email messages, document files, disk images, etc.., Types of forensics Disk forensics Network forensics RAM forensics Phone forensics Document forensics and Software forensics Services of forensics Examining the evidence of hacking Analysing of electronic mail, chatting capability and deleted files for worker annoyance. Checking the computer system for the evidence of IP address theft Examining the erased internet action and server log files for evidence of unauthorised activity of a person. Investigation into the denial of data systems and computer strategy Extracting the evidence for non-computer concerned with investigations. Producing reports to the industrial courts. Observing the common employees misusing the computer Developing the software’s to solve some specific problems. Available Job Opportunities by studying computer security and forensics In detecting and investigating the cyber related crimes In using tools of forensics Handling the cyber-crimes with intelligence of tackling them Finding the loss of account and recovering them The techniques gained by studying computer security and forensic course Trouble shooting the operational issues: Finding the incorrect physical location of the network and resolving the problem in the correct way in the host. Log monitoring: Analysing log entries and correlating log entries from multiple systems. Recovering data from the system: Fetching the lost data that has been hacked by anyone or modified with help of tools etc†¦ Mobile Forensics Mobile devices are terribly increasing in the recent trend. Many communication protocols like Bluetooth, WiFi and 3g allow the free data transfer across international restrictions. Users are allowed to transfer the data, browsing and send and receive e-mail with attaching files. Analysis of call data records The records of the call data has been showed below Date of call Time of call Call duration Number making the call (originating) Number receiving the call (terminating) IMEI – International Mobile Equipment Identity CI – Cell site identity number Description of Audio and Video Audio Analysis Audio can be recorded in high diverse range including mobile phones, dicta phones, covert recording devices, cameras and mobile phones CY4OR is a full enhanced and transcription service in the forensic audio and video suite. Video Analysis The propagation CCTV equipment on virtually every street corner, outside business buildings and even for domestic properties is increased for some evidence are available for inspection. This type of evidence is seriously trusted upon in court but often needs improving to ensure that is obviously presented. CY4OR’s practiced video team uses formal of the art equipment to enable the augmentation, de-multiplexing and restoration of material. Data Recovery Data recovery is the process of recovering data from damaged, failed, corrupted, or inaccessible secondary storage media when it cannot be accessed normally. Data can be retrieved from storage media such as hard disk drives, storage tapes, RAID, CDs, DVDs, and other electronics. Recovery may be required due to physical damage to the storage device or logical damage to the file system that prevents it from being mounted by the host operating system. Conclusion The skills that are gained from computers security and forensic course include the broad knowledge of forensic principles, procedures, tools and techniques to handle the problems. So it develops the skills required by the employers and fulfills them. Apparently there is more possibility of new techniques as well as advancements yet to develop in the area of forensics because â€Å"computer security and forensics is only a journey but not a destination† student who currently learns will say many things new to this world by studying this course. Hence this paper briefly explains about the required skills by the employers to work in the forensic field and also in pertinent sector by attaining this course. Reference: http://www.cy4or.co.uk/forensic-services/mobile-device-forensics www.intaforensics.com www.krollontrack.co.uk How to cite Prominence of Computer Security and Forensics, Essay examples

Advertisement and freedom of choice of consumers free essay sample

In contemporary world, the relationship between freedom of choice, identity and general lifestyle of modern consumers are quite complicated and questioned by a number of scholars like Bauman, Smart, Bourdie and Featherstone. An actual description of lifestyle as a term is very broad. If refer to a sociological explanation lifestyle explained as distinctive style of life of specific status groups, within contemporary consumer culture it connotes individuality, self-expression and a stylistic self-consciousness. (Featherstone, 1991 :92) Contemporary consumers are rifted from a traditional understanding of what is actually needed to rather what is wanted regarding the type of choice people make when shopping or socializing. The actual change of a consumer behavior, understanding of freedom and lifestyle as well as identity explained in several theories. This essay will focus on examining several theories about consumer culture, sense of freedom and the relationships of consumers and adv ertisement, using a critique of Made in Chelsea live show as an example (season 4 episode 4). According to Bauman (1998), society identify itself as consumer society by achieving their identity, status and highlighting relation to a social class through engagement in the consumer activity. A significant fact is that recently a there was a change of the emphasis of priorities from production to consumption, a passage from producer to consumer society occurred. (Bauman, 1998:24). It represents an increasing importance of consumption and an actual choice that consumers make regarding which image of themselves they want to represent. Smart, 2010) More to that, actual choice and sense of a self-identity also an be fashioned and lifestyled. For instance in Made in Chelsea (MiC) episode, the main representation is a group of rich young people who are assumed to be occupied but it is very rarely seen as them actually doing work. Whole series of this reality show illustration Chelsea friends as a constant consumers. They are showed most of the time shopping, at restaurants, clubs or o ther venues, beauty salons or other leisure activities and services. Only one hero Francis Boulle, showed as a hardworking guy who occasionally seeing friends. Smart (2010) argues that recently articipation in work, production or occupation does not stand up as a priority, but the engagement in consumer activity. Thus, people work and occupy themselves Just for the sake of the opportunity to go and spend gained resources for a consumer culture, i. e. shopping, restaurants, cinema etc. That what MiC represents not only in Season 4 episode 4 but also as a whole idea of the content. Everything that meters to the cast there is consuming good and serves while discussing each other relationships and drama. However according to Miller (1998) ethnographic research roved that majority of the population purchasing goods and services for sake of showing love and care to their beloved, friends and family, rather than persuasion of constant upgrade of their self-esteem and identities. Bauman (1998,2000:82-4) call contemporary consumers the society of individualized consumers with their freedom expressed in consumer choice. This is exactly how it look in the show, that everything that people are doing there are their individualized choice. They all nave a bright identity, however very similar as a whole, because of the similar cultural capital, rigin and social class. Television is still one of the most influential medium that produces a set of information and visuals of different content but one aim, promotion of a lifestyles. Simulation world of media exposing and spreading signs and pictures that blurring sense of what is real and what is not by the audience who are alongside are consumers. Oameson, 1983) Particularly in the I-JK lifestyle reality television is very popular. Through the lifestyle media society exposed to the circle of the rules to follow and Judge the other as well as ourselves. The demonstration of a good taste lso displayed in reality TV shows, such as the manner of speaking, body image, home image, meals, places visited etc. Surveillance is internalized but also externalized: its panopticism relates not only to its inward turning, but to its omnipresence in public: we are taught the rules but which to Judge ourselves, but also to Judge others (Bell Hollows, 2005) MiC season 4 episode 4 starts with the mise-en- scene of a Chelsea neighborhood, focusing on brand shops, fashionable cafГÂ ©, stylish young people, focuses on Balenciaga uncle boots and Chanel bag, handsome man with an expensive watch. Next shot is Spencer and Louise having a romantic private moment at daytime (considered as luxury for many middle class workers you spend their days in offices) while Andy calling to her iPhone. All together it represents a high social class , chilled and stylish lifestyle, culture of high consumers that desired by many. From the academic point of view, according to Featherstone (1991) The use of term consumer culture highlighting the values of contemporary society, which are became very materialist, however the use of culture emphasizing the use of material goods as communicators, not Just utilities. On the other hand, from economic perspective of the term it symbolizing the market principles of supply, demand, capital accumulation, competition and monopolization which operate within the sphere of lifestyles, cultural goods and commodities (Featherstone, 1991 :94) Nowadays, consumer choice is represented as an advantage, bold beneficial product of the market economy that usually taken as an expression of freedom, which represented as a cause of modern capitalism. (Friedman, 1982 in Smart, 2010). Smart (2010) also says, that now it is a consumer ociety who is dictating the process of production for themselves, that the origin of production process is according to the wishes and needs of consumers as well as the mode of business activities. Mises (1996:273, in Smart, 2010) noted that entrepreneurs and owners of the means of production are virtually trustees of the consumers. Mises (1996:273, in Smart, 2010) making a point that now the consumers are leading the production process and successful businesses and not vise versa. This article argues that producers are highly depended on supremacy of consumers and accommodating to the individual consumer wishes. Thus, this statement leads to the bold concept of consumers having a freedom of choice and consumption as well as a material control over market economy by making entrepreneurs, owners and producers to face the need to meet the requirements and expectations of their clients. However, there are a question arise whether the wishes and co-called freedom of choice ot society is actually individualized and determine a marketplace; or it is made up and all the needs required, expectations and further cultural processes are formed by the environment of media and advertisement that are all-encompassing odays life of every member of the contemporary society. Marx (1963 [1852]: 15) being a nineteenth-century economic liberalist, outlined a structural constraints on human agency, people make history, but they do not make it Just as the please; they do not make it under self-selected circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances, existing already. Hence the idea that the freedom of consumption is questionable is not new. Smart, 2010) According to Gabriel and Lang (2006), people who consume goods and services offered by market economy do exercise choice and eciding about what exactly to purchase and which brand to choose, but it is all a matter of an influence by variety of factors, such as production and manufacturing, retailing, actual marketing strategies, fair-trade and advertisement campaigns etc. , which are not under the condition of their choosing. Rosie from MiC is a fashion blogger in outside the reality show. Thus subconsciously by knowing this, and that Millie is a make-up artist, audience would focus their attention on how Rosie wear things and which make-up does Millie have, so to maybe reproduce it on themselves later as a fashionable one. Producers and advertisers want consumers to believe that they have a total freedom of choice, when actually a number of researches investigated that choice is regulated and affected by a number of processes and factors of marketing strategies and general environment. Smart, 2010) Majority of analyses concentrated their attention on cultural intermediaries included in advertisement, branding and marketing that persuade the idea that every member of contemporary society is a consumer that through the material spending of their income on certain thing they can buy a sense of self-worth, self-identity and even appiness Just by consumption of particular objects of production. (Galbraith, 1975; Gorz, 1989; Klein, 2001; Dawson, 2005; in Smart, 2006). Bourdies research investigated how with the help of semiotics and association certain classes desiring to distinguish themselves from the masses with the particular lifestyle, dressing up and places visited. Hence, sending a massage full signs and meanings to public that screaming that they belong to a certain group or class. Another scene at MiC Rosie, Millie and Sophia having lunch in a fancy restaurant while gossiping about Louise nd Spencer : Spencer Genially getting fit and getting healthy, He is doing a marathon, Louise not going out and detoxifying together with him (Millie and Rosie). This is seen as a promotion of a healthy lifestyle, looking after your body, which is perceived as an expensive one to keep up but highly suggested by the media, doctors and recent fashion (many people quit smoking and/or drinking recently as a part of a fashion of a Green lifestyle). More to that girls are showed in Dukes Hotel, Restaurant Thirty Six, which is obviously not ordinary place for a simple workers to have their casual lunch. Another scene is Jamie and Spencer at Spencers own gym, discussing recent gossips and working out. It looks very familiar, but than the cast still placed on a much higher ladder: Girls getting together for lunch and gossiping, but in a luxury London hotel; Guys meeting up to work out in gym and gossiping, but in Spencers private gym. Following scenes are gust a gap between stories but felled in with the image of Chanel boutique, Gizia shoes and anther luxury notel There are many shot ot a tancy t in top restaurants during the episode as well. Again the image of a high lifestyle indorsed to the audiences mind. The image of the consumers in its best, those who can afford to buy almost anything. Contemporary consumer society mode in late modernity neo-liberalism is concentrated at highlighting the premium, wealthy lifestyle and status by investing economic income into objects of proof of that lifestyle, such as cars, traveling, digital devices and brand clothes. According to Smart (2010) those attributes determining an exercise chose to bring a confidence and desired self-image. Lately an activity of people purchasing all kind of good increased due to the marketplace response to a 2008 global economic recession. The effect was that producers should persuade consumers to spend more of their income and shopping to excess once again, instead of saving up and investing, served to confirm, simultaneously illustrating Jamesons point about the inability of politicians and policymakers to imagine anything else beyond a return to the infernal dynamism of consumer capitalism. (Smart, 2010) Bauman (1998) argues that the identifiable sigh of consumer society is not the actual consumption but a significant difference from their predecessors. A perception and idetification of new flexebility of needs and shift of norms setting onsumption free from functional bonds and absolving it from the need to Justify itself by reference to anything but its own pleasurability. (Bauman, 2001) Advertisers making sure that the sense of need is constantly present, increasing and extending to new limits, the need to keep the tension alive. Hence a satisfaction of consumers needs is never possible, gratification measures its progress by ever-rising demand. Bauman, 2001) A good example from the MiC episode is when Cheska, Binky and Ollie went to the luxury adult shop and trying out some devises there. This epresents extended needs that people might have, which is far not primarily needs. In addition It explains that the correspondence in consumer behavior of late modern societies as well as the prominence accorded to consumer activity, flow from the implementation of neo-liberal economic policies and the associated generation of a political economy of insecurity. Smart, 2010:232) There are three main concept of explaining the Neo-liberal economic polices main factors of insecurity, as suggested by Bauman (1998). Firstly it have significantly shifted the understanding and erception of occupation and workplace of majority of workers, especially those who are engaged at low-salary, insecure, part-time forms of occupation, also known as McJobs. (Beck, 2000 in Smart, 2010). Secondly, contributed to dramatic reductions in commodity turnover time through programmed product obsolescence or retirement. Finally, the growing and significantly increased, comparing to previous times, trades of goods and services produced and available for a purchase, but because of two above are not easily accessible. Modern marketplace keeps promoting new options of ommodities and constantly updated fashion on lifestyle and self-identity that requires a constant consumption by society. While the disadvantaged situation with the neo-liberal economic polices making it difficult to keep up for a big amount of workers as well as providing an unstable self-identity image through the processes of advertisement, popular culture and marketing strategies and fashion, which are invariably changing. (Kellner, 1992:172) Hence, when simple workers or teenagers are watching MIC with its representation of an excessively luxury lifestyle, the desire it, but understand hat it is not actually achievable tor them. Essentially, the components of the identity construction including what society think they should be, or a desire to become and the idea of the self-representation are driven by the consumer marketplace. When exercising the choice of goods and services purchased that might help in self-determination and representation is responsible for the actual purchase. However, when making a choice it is heavily depended on financial, informational and other decision process resources, especially time that spent to make a reasonable and free choice examined and decided individually. All above are to a certain degree limitations for a vast majority of society. (Smart, 2010) For example, all the places and venues listed during the MiC episode are straight forward perceived as a top places that is a must to visit. However if to think deeper, this is the business reality show doing, Just by indorsing a hidden advertisement in their episode. We cannot know for real where those rich and young would go, we Just assume that it is those places showed in episode (Dukes Hotel restaurant, Dorchester Hotel restaurant, Luxury apartments Maze restaurant, etc. As Ewen (1976) entioned, apparently advertisement constructing the idea of homogenized national character as a whole and a formatting further capitalist production. The cultural fashion and identity of the contemporary society being formed through the advertisement campaigns that are mainly American type. Sociological term Americanization (through the advertisement exposure) could be also indorsed to this argument. It pro vides common desires build up by the common ethnicity, language, cultural perspectives and matters. The brightest character in MiC is Mark Frances with his extremely posh British accent and way of talking, as well as, style and ehavior. M. Frances: If I go out to night clubs it is only members night clubs, that very well known for the difficulty to get to , hence not mainstream. However now, in London, majority of the newly opened nightclubs call themselves members night club, for example Kensington Roof Gardens, when being quite accessible for the mainstream, but Just attracting by the exclusivity. When consumer identifying his desires in terms of capitalist production, automatically he accepts the rules of modern industrial life. By transforming the notion of class into mass, business oped to create and individual who could locate his needs and frustrations in terms of the consumption goods rather than the quality and content of his life (work). (Ewen, 1976:93) The main content of the MiC season 4 episode 4 is that everyone meeting up with each other in different combination, soc ializing, gossiping an d discussing an organization of a party, night out, bi=but the girls have their own and the boys have their own, to catch up and socialize. Both groups are going to a fancy nightclubs. Nice shot of all ladies dressed up to impress on their way to Dorsia nightclub at South Kensington. When guys chose Embargo club. Following shots of them all having fun, drinking expensive alcohol and dancing. Those all are not perceived as an advertisement or endorsement of a lifestyle while audience watch it, but at the end the image of fun and freedom that are exercised by the consumers if figurating alongside whole episode. In analyses of a consumer activity and its conditions it was investigated that in the USA each day people are exposed to 3000 advertisements which selling their products and rather brands by making a bond and association to a desired, attractive lifestyle or big celebrities. Schwartz, 2005:53-4) It nas been noted that to intluence the way consumers making their choices and which choices they should make, advertisers across the world spending over $1JS400 billion each year on their campaigns. It does not argues that consumers are cultural dopes that are easy to influence, rather that by its frequency of exposure, advertising does make an impact on the choice consumers make. (Smart, 2010) The main goal for all brand is to be automatic choice, which does require right association as well as constant rehearsal and reminding of their features. Hence, MiC episode is a representation of a lifestyle and identity of a high-class people. It Delivering a massage ofa luxurious and perfect image of life, on the top of the market economy, place where all consumers are freedomly aiming to get. Fowles (1996:156) summed up the whole idea described in this essay: The relationship of the advertising / popular culture mix to gender formation is indicative of the relationship of the mix to the entirety of self-identity, and behavior, but are ideals alone and can never be fully actualized in everyday life, at least not for long Illustration of perfectization of a lifestyle, freedom of choice and appearance in most of the live TV shows made to be seen as real, while it is good not to forget that everything that is going on air is formatted and worked on, so to deliver the right massage.